Sleep disturbances have adverse cardiovascular consequences
and are linked to glucose intolerance and obesity.
Weight loss and exercise are primary treatments for obese
patients with glucose intolerance yet few lifestyle intervention trials have
evaluated changes in sleep quality in relation to changes in body composition
and fitness.
New study shows
shedding pounds, especially in belly, improves sleep quality
Weight loss, whether it's from dietary changes alone or from
diet combined with exercise, can help improve the quality of sleep among people
who are overweight or obese, according to a new study by Johns Hopkins researchers.
"We found that improvement in sleep quality was
significantly associated with overall weight loss, especially belly fat,"
says Kerry Stewart, professor of medicine at the Johns Hopkins University
School of Medicine and director of clinical and research exercise physiology.
For the six-month study, researchers enrolled 77 people who
had type 2 diabetes or pre-diabetes. The participants, all of whom also were
overweight or obese, were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group
went on a weight-loss diet and had supervised exercise training, while the
other group only had the diet intervention. A total of 55 participants
completed all phases of the study.
The participants filled out a sleep survey at the beginning
and end of the study to identify sleep problems, including sleep apnea, daytime
fatigue, insomnia, restless sleep, excessive sleep or sleepiness, and use of
sedatives to aid sleep. Their body mass index and amount of abdominal fat were
also measured at the start and end of the study.
Both groups—those assigned to a weight loss diet plus
supervised exercise and those who only went on a diet—lost about 15 pounds, on
average. They also lost about the same amount of belly fat, about 15 percent,
which was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Although a variety of sleep problems were reported by the
participants, none stood out as being the most common, so the researchers
analyzed a composite score, which reflects overall sleep health. They found
that both groups improved their overall sleep score by about 20 percent with no
differences between the groups.
Key Ingredient for
Improved Sleep Quality
"The key ingredient for improved sleep quality from our
study was a reduction in overall body fat, and, in particular belly fat, which
was true no matter the age or gender of the participants or whether the weight
loss came from diet alone or diet plus exercise," Stewart says.
Good sleep quality is important in general for good physical
and mental health, as well as for a healthy cardiovascular system, notes
Stewart. Depending on the cause, chronic sleep disruptions increase the risk of
high blood pressure, heart attack, stroke, and irregular heartbeats.
###
The above story is based on the November 6, 2012 news
release by Johns Hopkins
Medicine.
The research entitled "Predictors of Sleep QualityImprovement Among Overweight or Obese Individuals: A Randomized ControlledTrial." was presented at the American Heart Association Scientific
Sessions on the same day by lead author Soohyun Nam.
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